As always, I continue to cast my own values and priorities into what I read, and Bleak House is no exception. There is a lot going on – weather, doubles, confusion, intrigue, etc…, but what I am continually drawn to are the comparisons Dickens makes between profitable and useful philanthropy and the sort of ineffectual and impractical type we see with Mrs. Jellyby.
The Victorian Era saw a boom in philanthropic projects. Here is a great article outlining some of the efforts at the time – http://www.philanthrocapitalism.net/bonus-chapters/victorian-giving/
Dickens himself was involved in several projects designed to help those in need; Urania Cottage is probably his most famous. Dickens worked to help those in his “backyard” rather than spending his efforts helping those in distant lands. Mr. Jarndyce is a great example of the kind of philanthropy that Dickens would have respected. He has given of himself to help Esther, Ada and Richard, and now Charley and what’s left of her small family. I am not naïve enough to think that all these individuals aren’t somehow connected (I’m wise to Mr. Dickens’ tricks); however, there is a spirit of giving and sincerity represented here that is ENTIRELY missing in characters like Mrs. Jellyby.
Mrs. Jellyby’s family is falling down around her ears, and she is blindly devoted to some random cause in Africa which has nothing to do with benefiting her own family. Her own children are hungry and half-clothed; she has driven her husband into bankruptcy; and now, she has refused her blessing to her own child! She disgusts me, just as I think Dickens intends her to disgust me. She is a shining example (one I am sure Mr. Dickens knew well) of an individual immersing himself in a distant cause when his own world could use his help. London of the time was in desperate need of benefactors, much more so than distant causes which attracted a great deal of attention like cotton gins in Nigeria.
There, of course, is Mrs. Pardiggle’s type of philanthropy which is so full of “moral determination” that it is brutal and demanding of those she seeks to help. Mrs. Pardiggle dragged her own children (resentful and miserable) all over creation and exposed them to no telling what horrors; however, she never brought anything with her on her charity visits. This is highlighted in her visit to the brick-maker’s cottage. Pardiggle barges in and insinuates herself into the little house, but she offers them nothing tangible – only scolding and chiding remarks. This contrasts sharply with Esther and Ada’s visit the following day during which they brought food for the family and comfort for the mother whose child was dead. Esther and Ada, like their guardian, offer something tangible and useful in a time of crisis for those in need.
The characters of Bleak House are proving to be as telling as Dickens’ other characters. I am beginning to enjoy it more and more… I just wish Dickens would stop introducing new characters and plot lines… we are half way through the book for pity’s sake! Come on, Mr. D – give me a break!